Dark circles involve the darkening or discolouration of the skin under or around the eyes, causing the affected area to appear blue, black, or dark brown. This condition, known as Periorbital Hyperpigmentation (POH), Infraorbital Discoloration, or Periorbital dark circles, is marked by changes in the skin's pigmentation.
The skin beneath the eyes is the thinnest and most pigmented facial area. As we age, this region's pigmentation can intensify and darken. Ageing also brings about fine lines and wrinkles, which can be worsened by sun exposure and smoking. The presence of dark circles under the eyes is further influenced by the widening of the hollow space that develops below the eyes over time.This process eventually results in the formation of tear troughs. In addition, the face contains a sophisticated arrangement of fat pockets located just beneath the skin, which give the skin a youthful appearance, especially around the cheeks and eyes. However, as we age, these fat pockets lose volume, deflate, and shift downward due to gravity and the loosening of the ligaments that keep them in place. These combined factors contribute to the development of dark circles under the eyes